Creaton rumantsch. The Romansh language and culture outside Graubünden

The organisations Pro Svizra Rumantscha, PSR (for Romansh-speaking Switzerland) and the Federal Office of Culture, BAK, are organising “Creaton rumantsch” on 20 January at the Bäckeranlage in Zurich (Hohlstrasse 67).

The meeting aims to discuss, formulate and concretise plans and ideas for promoting the language and culture of Romansh speakers outside Graubünden.

The target groups are Romansh speakers in the “diaspora” (people who live in other cantons or abroad for a shorter or longer period) and others interested.

Several projects can be supported with a starting capital of CHF 5000.

The meeting starts at 10.00 am and lasts until 6.00 pm. It will begin with a welcome drink and a presentation and analysis of the current situation, followed by discussions, brainstorming, and reflection in working groups.

The organisation will provide lunch, drinks and aperitifs.

The working languages are German and Romansh, with French, Italian and English as accompanying languages.

(Source and further information: Pro Svizra Rumantscha)

Beinwil Abbey and the Valley

The first monks came from Hirsau (Black Forest, Baden-Württemberg) around 1100. Centuries before, there was a Celtic sanctuary on this hill.

The first abbot was called Esso (he died in 1133). Hirsau was a monastery that introduced reforms, the Consuetudines Hirsaugienses. The Cluny Abbey was the inspiration.

Beinwil was founded with financial support from local rulers. A unique archaeological find revealed the names of a few founders dating back to around 1100.

The find is a priest’s stole (textile) from the 12th century. On this stole, the names of women and men are mentioned as founders: Count Ulrich (Udalricus), his wife Cunixa, Humbert, Mahtilt and another Udalricus.

Pope Eugenius III (1088-1153) and Emperor Frederick I (1122-1190) recognised the monastery in 1114 and 1152.

Around 1400, the monastery flourished, boasting a scriptorium, a library with over 200 books and manuscripts (including the Beinwiler missal), a botanical garden, a Romanesque basilica, a monastery school, a hospice for travellers crossing the Passwang Pass, estates, and numerous valuable objects.

In the 15th century, the monastery became entangled in the struggle between the city of Basel and Solothurn. The monastery was dissolved and transferred to the Mariastein monastery in 1648.

Today, it is a Greek Orthodox Monastery.

(Source: P. Lukas Schenker, ‘Die Beinwiler Stola. Ein Zeugnis aus dem 12. jahrhundert’. In Jahrbuch für Solothurnische Geschichte, Band 93, 2020).

Nomen est Omen

The Fisherman, Nature and Habitat in Auvernier

Artist, hunter, father, husband, philosopher, ecologist and fisherman, all these characteristics apply to Denis Junod d’Auvernier (canton of Neuchâtel).

Junod is one of around thirty professional fishermen on Lake Neuchâtel’s shores. His life story is written down in a recently published biography: “De fils en père. Denis Junod” (From father to son. Denis Junod).

Hauterive, Laténium, 12 October 2020. Denis Junod (l), Françoise Jeanneret-Gris (r) 

The book is more than just a biography. It is also a history of the lake, its flora, fauna and nature. He knows what he is talking about when he speaks about the lake, its fish flo,ra and fauna on the shores. As a hunter, he also respects animals and nature.

“C’est comme si nous n’avions pas compris que l’humanité et tous les écosystèmes font partie du même arbre. L’humanité appartient à ce système mondial, mais elle agit comme si elle était extérieure“.

Denis Junod (on the right) in his pêcherie in Auvernier

He was born in 1953 in La Côte-aux-Fées in the canton of Neuchâtel. The lake was far away. A future as a fisherman was unlikely. He spent his childhood in the woods and meadows.

His first encounter with Lake Neuchâtel and fishing occurred in the village of Saint-Aubin. His father worked in the watchmaking industry and was an enthusiastic fisherman. He inspired Denis. At that time, around 1960, there were still many trout in the lake. It was even the most caught fish. A few decades later, the trout has almost wholly disappeared.

His habitat in Auvernier

He got acquainted with and appreciated poetry, literature, philosophy and history in school. He attended the gymnasium. They have always remained his guide in interpreting reality and life. With this background, he is also interested in (local) politics and society and their historical context.

He moved to the village of Serrières around 1963 and lived for the first time on the shores of the lake. He started painting in this period. He describes his paintings as Art Brut. The culture of the Maya and the Incas inspires him. The images of paintings in the book bear witness to his artistic talent.

After school, he wanted to become a fisherman. After an apprenticeship in nearby Saint-Aubin, he rented his fisherman’s hut in Auvernier in 1973 and received a fishing permit from the canton. He is still there.

The village’s coat of arms contains a fish and grapes for a good reason. At that time, Auvernier was still a village of fishermen and winegrowers. Fishing is still his passion, work, experience and way of life.

“J’ai une spiritualité sans Dieu. Ou bien : j’appellerais Dieu la grande matrice universelle qui régit le monde du vivant. Je ne crois pas en Salut que nous propose la religion. Quand je suis sur le lac, je sens cette force universelle qui nous enveloppe tous. Ma foi est là, au sein de cette nature féconde. Le lac est ma cathédrale“.

He has experienced life as a fisherman: fines, trials and conflicts with the police and the authorities (“Un anarchiste respectueux“), ups and downs, the tragedies of drowned fishermen and the enjoyment of the beautiful sunrise and the panorama of Les Trois Bernoises, the Dents du Midi and the Mont Blanc in the south and the Jura in the north-west.

The state of nature and Lake Neuchâtel worries him. However, he is an optimist and has confidence in humanity’s ability to adapt as long the principles of nature are respected.

His philosophy:

“Dans nos sociétés occidentales hypertechnologiques, l’intelligence est liée à la réussite scolaire. Dans d’autres sociétés, l’intelligence est une question d’adaptation à un milieu donné. Le savoir-faire, le respect des aînés, l’utilisation d’outils spécialisés et l’agilité, c’est dans les sociétés indigènes premières qu’on les trouve. Leur intelligence est liée à la survie du groupe. Les livres ne sont pas les seules fournitures de l’intelligence. La nature m’en a appris bien bien plus. Toute est relatif“.

(Françoise Jeanneret-Gris, De fils en père. Denis Junod, Bière 2020. The phrases are from Denis Junod and are mentioned in the book).

The Burg Castle and Village Burg in the Leimen Valley

The castle was built in 1250 and rebuilt as Schloss Burg after 1600. In 1168, Emperor Frederick I or Emperor Barbarossa (1122-1190) of the Holy Roman Empire sold the castle and Dinghof Biederthal to the House of Habsburg.

Most of the territory was sold in 1269 to the prince-bishop of Basel. However, a third of the territory (today’s municipality of Biederthal in France) remained property of the House of Habsburg.

At the foot of the castle, the present-day village of Burg (canton of Basel-Landschaft) arose. In 1520, the city of Basel acquired the area, but after negotiations, it returned to the prince-bishop’s hands.

During the Thirty Years’ War, the castle was looted. From 1793 to 1813 (department Mont Terrible (1793-1800) and department Haut-Rhin (1800-1813), the village belonged to France. The Canton of Bern acquired the village in 1815 (at the Congress of Vienna). Since 1994, the village has been part of the canton of Basel-Landschaft.

Burg Castle and the village of Burg have changed owners, nationalities and cantons several times. Its proximity to the Remel Pass and Landskron Castle gave the castle and village strategic importance.

The Leimental

The only constant factor is the number of inhabitants: 187 in 1722, 255 in 1831, 248 in 1850, 163 in 1900, 215 in 1950 and 272 today. Its most famous resident is LSD discoverer Albert Hofmann (1906-2008).

The nearby Abbey Mariastein and its 250,000 pilgrims a year also put Burg and the village in the spotlight.

Today, Burg Castle and the municipality are primarily sought after as residential and tourist attractions in the heart of the beautiful Jura, just a stone’s throw from Alsace and the cantons of Solothurn and Basel.

(Source and further information: Gemeinde Burg) 

The ViaBerna

The ViaBerna is a long-distance hiking trail in the Canton of Bern. With its 20 panoramic stages, the ViaBerna runs from Bellelay in the Bernese Jura through the Mittelland to the Susten Pass in the Bernese Oberland.

Bellelay Abbey. Photo: TES

Lake Thune. Photo: TES

The Aare. Photo: TES

The Susten Pass. Photo: TES

The 300-kilometre hiking trail leads hikers across the Jura enchanting alpine grasslands, mysterious moorland, wild valleys, streams and rivers, narrow canyons and flood plains, while the high-altitude trails offer awe-inspiring views over the Eiger, Mönch and Jungfrau mountains.

Castles, abbeys, monuments, museums, hotels, B&B’s and other accommodation, restaurants, hamlets, villages and towns are never far away amidst the magnificient nature.

(Source and further information: www.viaberna.ch)

 

Swiss Smilestones

One of the latest Swiss attractions is close to nature’s Swiss miracles: the Rhine Falls (Rheinfall).

Europe’s largest waterfall was formed 17,000-14,000 years ago by the meltwater from receding glaciers. This phenomenon can now be admired in the largest indoor miniature world depicting Switzerland.

The mountainous Berner Oberland and the eastern part of the country are on display. Interlaken, the Eiger, Mönch, Jungfrau, the Kleine Scheidegg, the Matterhorn, the Appenzeller Land, the Säntis mountains, and many other locations are also on display, not as dead miniatures but embedded in moving train and car traffic, helicopters, cities, villages, woods, lakes, rivers, cows, and people.

Swiss Smilestones, the name of this miniature world, is indeed made with a smile and numerous (and humorous) details. The Rhine Falls are just a few hundred meters away, and one can see the similarity between the miniature and the real world.

(Source Swiss Smilestones, Neuhausen, www.smilestones.ch).

Hendrick Jan van Oyen in the Parc de l’Indépendance in Morges

The Independence Park (Parc de l’Indépendance) in Morges (canton of Vaud) owes its name to the independence of Vaud (Le Pays de Vaud) on 24 January 1798, after the long domination of Bern (since 1536).

Citizens proclaimed the République lémanique on this date in Lausanne (Place de la Palud). This Republic was short-lived, however. The Republic was dissolved a few weeks later by Napoleon, who founded the Helvetic Republic (1798-1803).

The first horticultural exhibition was held in 1872. In 1882, the park was transformed into an English garden. In 1889, it officially became the Parc de la Indépendance. The park organises the annual Festival des Tulipes (Tulip Festival).

Some monuments recall the history of Vaud’s independence and the memory of the Dutch count Hendrick Jan van Oyen (Tiel, 1771—Morges, 1850), a general in Napoleon’s army who became a Swiss citizen in 1825.

(Source and further information:  Le  Parc de  l’Indépendance, Morges